Maitiro Ekuverenga Mari Yekutumira Kana Uchitenga Matanho Etambo Kubva kuChina

Kupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyikamwenje wetambokubva kuChina kunogona kushandiswa zvakanaka, asimari yekutumira inowanzovhiringidza vatengi vadiki nevepakatiKutakura zvinhu hakusi mutengo mumwe chete wakatarwa — imhaka yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanda pamwe chete, kusanganisira nzira yekutumira, Incoterms, saizi yekutakura zvinhu, uye mari yekuenda.

Mugwaro iri, tinoparuramaverengerwo anoitwa mari yekutumira mwenje yetambo, marii yaunofanira kutarisira, uye maitiro ekudzivirira misungo inowanzo shandiswa — yakanyorwa zvakanangana nemabrandi akazvimiririra, vatengesi vakawanda, uye vatengesi veAmazon.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Mari yekutumira inoenderananzira yekutakura zvinhu, Incoterms, huremu, huwandu, uye muripo wekuenda
• Mitoro yemugungwazvakachipa pakutenga zvinhu zvakawanda;kutakurwa kwemhepoinokurumidza kana zvinhu zvichitumirwa nekukurumidza kana zvidiki
• Huremu hwehukuru (hwakakura) hunowanzova hunokosha kupfuura huremu chaihwo hwemwenje yetambo
• Gara uchikumbiramashoko anosanganisira zvesekudzivirira mhosva dzakavanzika

 

1. Sarudza Nzira Yakakodzera Yekutumira: Kutakura Zvinhu Nemhepo vs. Kutakura Zvinhu Negungwa

Sarudzo yako yekutanga huru yemutengo ndeyekutumira kwaunoita tambo dzako dzemwenje.

Kutakura Zvinhu Mugungwa (Zvakanakisisa Pakutenga Zvinhu Zvakawanda)

Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa ndiyo sarudzo inodhura zvakanyanya pakutakura mwenje ye LED ine tambo dzepakati nepakati kusvika kune hombe.

Nguva dzakajairika dzekufambisa:

• China → US West Coast: mazuva 15–20
• China → US East Coast: mazuva 25–35
• China → Europe: mazuva 25–45

Zvakanakira:

• Huwandu hwakawanda
• Mutengo wekutumira wakaderera pachikamu chimwe nechimwe
• Kuzadzazve zvinhu zvisina kukurumidza

Kutakura Zvinhu Nemhepo & Kutumira Zvinhu Nekukurumidza (Zvakanakira Kumhanya)

Mabasa ekutakura zvinhu nendege uye ekukurumidza (DHL, FedEx, UPS) anopa kutumirwa nekukurumidza uye mutengo wakakwira.

Nguva dzakajairika dzekufambisa:

• Kutakura nendege: mazuva 5–10
• Kutumirwa nekukurumidza: mazuva 3–7

Zvakanakira:

• Mienzaniso kana mirairo yekuedza
• Kutumirwa kudiki, kwakakosha zvikuru
• Kugadziriswazve kweAmazon nekukurumidza

Zano: Vatengi vazhinji vanoshandisa zvinhu zvinotakura nendege pavanotanga kutenga, vozotanga kutengesa zvinhu zvinotakura nengarava kana zvinhu zvagadzikana.

2. Nzwisisa Incoterms: Ndiani Anobhadhara Chii?

Tsanangudzo yeIncotermskupatsanurwa kwemutengo nemutoropakati pemutengi nemutengesi. Kusarudza nguva yakakodzera kunokanganisa zvakananga mutengo wekutenga kwako.

Incoterms Dzakajairika dzeString Light Imports

• EXW (Ex Works)Mutengi anobhadhara zvinenge zvese — mutengo wezvigadzirwa wakachipa, asi kuoma kwekutakura zvinhu kwakanyanya
• FOB (Yemahara muchikepe)Mutengesi anobhadhara mari yekutumira kunze kwenyika; mutengi ndiye anodzora kutumira kukuru
• CIF (Mutengo, Inishuwarenzi & Kutakura)Mutengesi anoronga zvinhu zvinotakura mugungwa; mutengi anotarisira mari yekuenda
• DAP (Yakaunzwa Panzvimbo)Zvinhu zvinounzwa kukero yako, kusasanganisa mitero yekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika
• DDP (Mutero Wakabhadharwa)Mutengesi anotarisira zvese — zviri nyore asi mutengo wese wakakwira

Kune vazhinji vanotenga zvinhu zvidiki, FOB inopa mwero wakanakisisa wekutonga mitengo uye kujekesa.

3. Huremu, Vhoriyamu & Dimensional Weight (Yakakosha Zvikuru)

Makambani ekutumira zvinhu anobhadharisa mari zvichienderanahuremu hwepamusoro kana kuti divi rehuremu.

Kuverengwa kweHuremu hweDimensional

Nekuti tambo dzemwenje dzinowanzoyakakura asi yakareruka, huremu hwakasiyana-siyana hunowanzoita kuti mutengo udhure.

Muenzaniso:

• Huremu chaihwo: 10 kg
• Saizi yekatoni: 50 × 50 × 50 cm
• Huremu hwehukuru: ~21 kg

Uchabhadhariswa mari ye21 kg, kwete gumi kg.

Kugadzirisa saizi yekatoni uye kurongedza kwayo kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mitengo yekutakura zvinhu.

4. Kupatsanurwa kweZvikamu zveMari yekutumira

Mari yekutumira inosanganisira zvinopfuura kungotakura zvinhu mugungwa kana mundege chete.

Mari Yekutanga (China Side)

• Fekitori → kutakurwa kwechiteshi
• Kubvumidzwa kwemitero yekutengesera kunze kwenyika
• Mari dzekugadzirisa terminal
• Mari yekunyora magwaro

Mari Yekutakura Zvinhu Zvikuru

• Kutakura zvinhu mugungwa kana mundege
• Mari yekuwedzera yemafuta (BAF, LSS, Mari yekuwedzera yemafuta emhepo)
• Mari yekuwedzera yemwaka wepamusoro
• Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu (GRI)

Mari dzekuenda

• Kubvumidzwa kwemitero yekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika
• Mari yekubata terminal
• Kuburutsa zvinhu pachiteshi kana panhandare yendege
• Kuendeswa kunzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu
• Kuchengeta, kuderedza nguva, kana kuvharirwa (kana kunonoka)

Mitero yemutero wemutero wepasi rose nemitero yekupinda munyika

• Zvichibva pakurongwa kwekodhi yeHS
• Mutengo wemutero wekupinza zvinhu unosiyana zvichienderana nenyika
• VAT / GST inoverengerwa pachigadzirwa + mutoro + mutero

 Makodhi eHS asina kururama kana kusakosha kwemari kunogona kukonzera kunonoka uye zvirango.

5. Maitiro Ekuwana Makotesheni Ekutumira Akarurama

Ipa Ruzivo Rwakazara rweChigadzirwa

• Zita rechigadzirwa & zvinhu zvacho
• Kodhi yeHS
• Saizi yekatoni uye huremu
• Huwandu hwese

Simbisa Incoterms & Kero Yekutumira

Gara uchitaura zvakajeka kuti:

• Kutumira Incoterm (FOB, CIF, DDP, nezvimwewo)
• Kero yekupedzisira yekutumira (dura, Amazon FBA, 3PL)

Enzanisa Vatengesi Vemitoro Vakawanda

Usasarudze zvichienderana nemutengo chete. Ongorora:

• Kujeka kwemutengo
• Ruzivo nekutengeserana kunze kwenyika neChina
• Kumhanya kwekutaurirana
• Kugona kutevera

Kumbira Mashoko Anosanganisira Zvese

Chikumbiromitengo yesuo nesuoizvo zvinosanganisira:

• Mitoro
• Kubvumidzwa kwemitero
• Mari yekuwedzera yemafuta
• Kutumirwa kwemuno
• Inishuwarenzi (kana zvichidikanwa)

Izvi zvinodzivirira mari yekushamisika gare gare.

Pfungwa Dzekupedzisira

Kuverenga mari yekutumira mwenje yetambo kubva kuChina kunoda kunzwisisanzira dzekutakura zvinhu, Incoterms, huremu hwechiyero, uye mari dzakavanzwaKana ukagadzirira zvakanaka, unogona kufungidzira zvakarurama mari yawakatenga uye kudzivirira zvinhu zvisingatarisirwi.

Kana uchida mwenje ye LED uye uchidasarudzo dzekutumira dzakajeka, huwandu hweodha hunochinjika, uye mitengo yakajeka, kushanda nemutengesi ane ruzivo kunogona kuita kuti maitiro acho ave nyore.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndingaderedza sei mari yekutumira tambo dzemagetsi kubva kuChina?
Gadzirisa kurongedza, tumira huwandu hwakawanda negungwa, sarudza mazwi eFOB, uye enzanisa mitengo yakawanda yekutumira zvinhu.

Ndeipi Incoterm yakanakira vanotanga?
FOB inowanzo shandiswa pakugadzirisa mitengo; DDP ndiyo iri nyore kana uchida zvinhu zviri nyore.

Sei huremu hwemhando yepamusoro hwakakosha pamwenje ye LED tambo?
Nekuda kwekuti mwenje yetambo yakakura, vatakuri vanowanzochaja zvichienderana nehuwandu pane huremu chaihwo, zvichiwedzera mitengo kana kurongedza kusina kushanda zvakanaka.